Friday, May 3, 2024

Today Importance - 3rd May

1374 - BC Solar eclipse (2m 07s) seen at Ugarit by Mesopotamian astronomers "On the day of the new moon, in the month of Hiyar, the Sun was put to shame, and went down in the daytime, with Mars in attendance."

738 - Maya ruler 18 Rabbit of Copán is captured and beheaded by ruler Cauac Sky from the rival city of Quiriguá

1294 - John II becomes Duke of Brabant and Limburg

1342 - Count Hartmann II becomes ruler of Vaduz (Liechtenstein)

1382 - Battle of Beverhoutsveld near Bruges in modern-day Belgium - the army of Ghent beats a drunken Bruges militia

1491 - Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptized by Portuguese missionaries, adopting the baptismal name of João I

1512 - Pope Julius II opens the Fifth Council of Lateran at St. John Lateran Basilica in Rome

1537 - Strategic city of Santa Cruz de Mompox founded on the Magdalena River (modern Colombia) by Spanish conquistadors

1558 - Ferdinand I officially appointed Holy Roman Emperor after his brother Charles abdicated in 1556

1616 - Treaty of Loudun ends French civil war

1621 - After confessing to corruption, Lord Chancellor of England Francis Bacon is sentenced to imprisonment in the Tower of London, a large £40,000 fine and banishment from court, Parliament and public office

1624 - Spanish silver fleet sails to Panama

1629 - French huguenot leader Duke De Rohan signs accord with Spain

1640 - English Upper house accepts Act of Attainder to execute Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, a leading advisor to Charles II

1654 - Bridge at Rowley, Massachusetts begins charging tolls for animals

1660 - Sweden, Poland, Brandenburg & Austria sign Peace of Oliva

1661 - Johannes Hevelius observes 3rd transit of Mercury ever to be seen

1662 - Royal charter granted to Connecticut

1678 - French conquering fleet at Curacao, 1200 die

1715 - Edmond Halley observes total eclipse phenomenon "Baily's Beads"

1722 - Pierre de Marivaux's play "La Double Inconstance" premieres in Paris

1747 - William IV Prince of Orange appointed Stadtholder of Holland and Utrecht

1765 - 1st North American medical college opens in Philadelphia

1791 - Constitution of May 3 is proclaimed by the Great Sejm (Parliament) of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, becoming the 1st modern constitution in Europe

1802 - Washington, D.C. is incorporated as a city

1808 - Day depicted by Spanish painter Francisco Goya in his "The Third of May", painted 1814

The - Third of May 1808, by Francisco de Goya

1808 - Finnish War: Sweden loses the fortress of Sveaborg to Russia

1808 - Peninsular War: The Madrid rebels who rose up on May 2 are fired upon near Príncipe Pío hill

1810 - English poet Lord Byron swims across the dangerous Hellespont Strait in Turkey (modern day Dardanelles)

1815 - Battle at Tolentino: Austria beats King Joachim of Naples

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1822 - Society for the Propagation of the Faith founded in Lyon, France

1830 - First regular steam train passenger service in the US starts in South Carolina, with U.S.-built locomotive “The Best Friend of Charleston”

1837 - The University of Athens is founded by King Otto of Greece - first modern university in the Eastern Mediterranean

1841 - New Zealand is proclaimed a colony independent of New South Wales

1845 - 1st African American lawyer, Macon B. Allen, admitted to the bar in Massachusetts

1845 - Fire kills 1,600 in a popular theater in Canton, China

1846 - Mexican Army begins the Siege of Fort Texas near Brownsville, Texas, during the Mexican–American War

1849 - The May Uprising in Dresden begins - the last of the German revolutions of 1848

1851 - Sixth major fire in San Francisco destroys 1500-2000 buildings

1855 - Antwerp-Rotterdam railway opens

1860 - Charles XV of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Sweden

1861 - General Winfield Scott presents his Anaconda Plan for the North against the South in American Civil War

1861 - Lincoln asks for 42,000 Army Volunteers and another 18,000 seamen

1863 - Battle of Salem Church, Virginia

1863 - The Second Battle of Fredericksburg occurs in Virginia, part of the Chancellorsville Campaign of the American Civil War

1864 - 3rd day in Battle at Alexandria Louisiana: Confederate assault

1867 - The Hudson's Bay Company gives up all claims to Vancouver Island.

1886 - M. A. Maclean elected 1st mayor of Vancouver, British Columbia

1887 - Nanaimo Mine Disaster: explosion in the mine kills 150 men - British Columbia's worst mine disaster [1]

1898 - Camp Merriman forms at Presidio San Francisco (see 0517)

1901 - Fire destroys 1,700 buildings in Jacksonville, Florida

1906 - British-controlled Egypt takes Sinai peninsula from Turkey

1910 - Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States is renamed the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)

1915 - Canadian poet and physician John McCrae writes the poem "In Flanders Fields" at Ypres on the Western Front

1916 - Irish Nationalists Patrick Pearse, Thomas MacDonagh and Thomas Clarke are executed by firing squad following their involvement in the Easter Rising

1917 - Ernest Bloch's "Schelomo: Rhapsodie Hébraïque" and "Israel Symphony" premiere in Carnegie Hall, NYC, with Artur Bodanzky conducting the former, and the composer conducting the latter

1919 - Afghanistan Emir Amanoellah begins war against Great Britain

1921 - Northern Ireland is created under the UK Government of Ireland Act partitioning off six north eastern counties with a Protestant majority

1921 - West Virginia imposes 1st state sales tax

Today Importance - 4th May

1922 - Mayor Hylan closes 2 streets for building of Yankee Stadium in the Bronx, NYC

1922 - Salt layer find at Winterswijk

1923 - 1st nonstop north American transcontinental flight (NY-San Diego) completed

1924 - Aleph Zadik Aleph is formed in Omaha, Nebraska by Sam Beber

1926 - Britain's Trade Union Congress calls for the country's first ever general strike, begins at 1 minute to midnight in support striking coal miners, lasts 9 days

Walking to work in the General Strike. Photo: Daily Mail

1926 - Pulitzer prize awarded to Sinclair Lewis (Arrowsmith)

1926 - US Marines land in Nicaragua (9 months after leaving), stay until 1933

1928 - Japanese atrocities in Jinan, China

1929 - Prussia bans anti-fascists

1932 - 24 tourists begin 1st air-charter holiday from London, England to Basel, Switzerland

1933 - Nellie T. Ross takes office as the first female director of the US Mint

1936 - French People's Front win elections

1936 - NY Yankee Joe DiMaggio makes his major-league debut, gets 3 hits

1937 - Margaret Mitchell wins the Pulitzer Prize for a Novel for "Gone With The Wind"

1938 - Concentration camp at Flossenburg goes into use

1938 - Lefty Grove defeats Tigers 4-3 for 1st of record 20 consecutive wins at his home field Fenway Park; he doesn't lose there until May 12 1941

1939 - The All India Forward Bloc is formed by Subhash Chandra Bose

1941 - German air raid on Liverpool

1941 - WPAT-AM radio in Patterson, New Jersey begins broadcasting

1942 - German Luftwaffe again bombs Exeter, destroying its town centre

1942 - Japanese troop attack Tulagi, Gavutu & Tanambogo, Solomon Islands during WWII

1942 - Nazis execute 71 Dutch resistance fighters in reprisal at Sachsenhausen concentration camp in Oranienburg, Germany

1942 - Nazis require Dutch Jews to wear a Jewish star

Pulitzer to Upton Sinclair

1943 - Pulitzer prize awarded to Upton Sinclair for his novel "Dragon's Teeth" about the Nazi rise to power

1943 - Strike against obligatory labor camps ends, after 200 killed

1943 - US 1st armour division occupies Mateur, Tunisia

1944 - "Going My Way", directed by Leo McCarey and starring Bing Crosby premieres in New York (Academy Award for Best Picture, 1945)

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1944 - Meat rationing ends in US

1945 - 1st Polish Armoured Division of the Polish Armed Forces in the West occupies Wilhelmshafen in Germany

1945 - Allies arrest German physicist Werner Heisenberg

1945 - Louis de Visser, Dutch Communist politician (CPN), killed in Allied bombing of German prison ship SS Cap Arcona at 66

1945 - World War II: German ship "Cap Arcona" laden with prisoners sunk by Royal Air Force in East Sea, 5,800 killed - one of largest maritime losses of life

1946 - International military tribunal in Tokyo begins

Post - War Constitution

1947 - Japan's post-war constitution goes into effect, granting universal suffrage, stripping Emperor Hirohito of all but symbolic power and outlawing Japan's right to make war

1948 - 1st broadcast of "CBS Evening News" - longest running network news show in the US

1948 - Pulitzer prize awarded to James Michener for his novel "Tales of the South Pacific" and Tennessee Williams for his play "A Streetcar Named Desire"

1949 - 1st firing of a US Viking rocket; reached 80 km

1951 - Gil McDougald ties major league record with 6 RBIs in 1 inning

1951 - NY Yankee Gil McDougald is 5th to get 6 RBIs in an inning (9th)

1951 - Royal Festival Hall opens in London

1951 - The Festival of Britain opens

1952 - 1st landing by an airplane at geographic North Pole

1953 - Westchester conference of American Library Association proclaims "Freedom to Read"

1953 - WTVO TV channel 17 in Rockford, IL (NBC) begins broadcasting

1954 - KTEN TV channel 10 in Ada-Ardmore, Oklahoma(ABC) begins broadcasting

1954 - Pulitzer prizes awarded to Charles Lindbergh for his biography "The Spirit of St. Louis" and John Patrick for drama for his play "The Teahouse of August Moon"

1954 - WHA TV channel 21 in Madison, Wisconsin (PBS) begins broadcasting

1956 - A new range of mountains discovered in Antarctica (2 over 13,000')

1958 - WINS suspends disc jockey Alan Freed for being charged with inciting a riot at a Boston concert, he quits, charges are dropped

1959 - Tiger's Charlie Maxwell hits 4 consecutive HRs in a doubleheader

1960 - Musical "Fantasticks" by Harvey Schmidt and Tom Jones, opens in Greeenwich Village, NYC, becomes “the longest-running musical in the universe”

1960 - The Anne Frank House opens in Amsterdam, The Netherlands

1962 - Express train crashed into wreckage of a commuter train & a freight, killing 163, injuring 400 in Tokyo, Japan

1963 - Birmingham officials turn high pressure hoses and dogs on children's crusade protest against segregation prompting widespread condemnation

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1963 - Leslie Narum is only Baltimore Oriole to homer on his 1st at bat

1965 - 1st use of satellite TV, Today Show on Early Bird Satellite

1965 - Cambodia drops diplomatic relations with the US

1965 - Don Steele, begins a 40+ year radio career at KRTH (Los Angeles California)

1965 - KTCI TV channel 17 in St. Paul-Minneapolis, MN (PBS) 1st broadcast

1965 - Pulitzer prize awarded to Irwin Unger (Greenback Era)

1966 - WDHO (now WNWO) TV channel 24 in Toledo, OH (ABC) begins broadcasting

1967 - African American students seize finance building at Northwestern University

1968 - Holland Pirate Radio Station VRON becomes Radio Veronica Intl

1970 - Trans-Arabian Pipeline delivery from Saudi Arabia to the Mediterranean interrupted in Syria, driving oil tanker rates to all time highs

1970 - World premiere of The Beatles' "Let it Be" documentary film directed by Michael Lindsay-Hogg, in New York City

1971 - "All Things Considered" premieres on 112 National Public Radio stations

1971 - Erich Honecker succeeds Walter Ulbricht as East German communist party leader

1971 - Pulitzer prize for General Non-Fiction awarded to John Toland for "The Rising Sun"

1971 - US National Public Radio begins programming with newscast "All Things Considered"

1971 - US President Nixon administration authorizes arrest of 13,000 anti-war protesters in 3 days

1973 - Chicago's Sears Tower, world's tallest building (443 m), tops out

1975 - Christa Vahlensieck runs female world record marathon (2:40:15.8)

1976 - Panama 747SP lands after record flight around world (46:26)

1976 - Pulitzer prize for Fiction awarded to Saul Bellow for "Humboldt's Gift"

1977 - 1977 NFL Draft: Ricky Bell from USC first pick by Tampa Bay Buccaneers

1978 - "Sun Day" - solar energy events held in the US

1978 - First unsolicited bulk commercial e-mail ("spam") is sent by a Digital Equipment Corporation marketing representative to every ARPANET address on the US west coast

1978 - Last cricket test match appearance for Bobby Simpson, at Kingston

1978 - West Indies all set to lose the cricket test v Australia at Kingston till riots end game

1979 - 1979 NFL Draft: Tom Cousineau from Ohio State first pick by Buffalo Bills

1979 - Martin Sherman's play "Bent" premieres in London

1979 - MLB Cleveland Indian Bobby Bonds hits his 300th HR (2nd to have 300 HRs & 300 stolen bases)

1980 - Giants 1st baseman Willie McCovey hits his 521st & final HR

1980 - Texas Ranger Ferguson Jenkins becomes 4th to win 100 games in AL & NL

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1981 - "Moony, Shapiro Songbook" opens & closes at Morosco Theater NYC

1982 - ABC's All Talk network begins on radio (2 west coast stations)

1982 - NY Times reports that military will get 25% of NASA's budget

1982 - President Reagan begins 5 minute weekly radio broadcasts

1983 - Soviet leader Yuri Andropov decreases nuclear weapons in Europe

1983 - US bishops condemn nuclear weapons

1985 - Date of $5 million check in "A View To A Kill"

1986 - Bomb explodes aboard Air Lanka Flight 512 on the ground at Colombo airport, killing 21

1986 - Cubs 3rd baseman Ron Cey hits his 300th & 301st HR

1986 - NASA launches Goes-G, it fails to achieve orbit

1986 - New York Yankees Don Mattingly is 6th to hit 3 sacrifice flies in a game

1987 - Miami Herald reports a woman spent Friday & Saturday with Gary Hart

1988 - 4,200 kg Colombian cocaine in seized at Tarpon Springs Florida

1988 - Jasper Johns' painting "Diver" sells for $4,200,000

1991 - 356th & final episode of CBS second longest running series TV show "Dallas", (2nd only to "Gunsmoke")

1991 - Future Hockey HOF right wing Cam Neely injures knee on a cheap shot by Ulf Samuelsson in Wales Conference Finals; injury limits him to only 162 games for remainder of NHL career; retires at 31

1991 - The Declaration of Windhoek (on press freedom) signed by African journalists

1992 - Baltimore Orioles Gregg Olson, 25, is youngest to record 100 saves

1992 - NY Met Eddie Murray is 24th to hit 400 HRs

1992 - Ohio Glory wins 1st WLAF game (after 6 loses), beat Frankfurt 20-17

1994 - D66/Dutch Liberal Party win Dutch 2nd Parliamentary election

1995 - Australia beat West Indies to regain the Frank Worrell Cricket Trophy

1995 - David Bell debuts for the Indians (3rd generation player, Gus & Buddy)

1996 - Martin Moxon and Michael Vaughan make 362 for the 1st wicket, Yorkshire v Glamorgan

1997 - Russian chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov begins chess match with IBM supercomputer Deep Blue

1999 - Oklahoma City, Oklahoma is slammed by an F5 tornado killing forty-two people, injuring 665, and causing $1 billion in damage. The tornado was one of 66 from the 1999 Oklahoma tornado outbreak.

1999 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above 11,000 for the first time in its history at 11,014.70.

1999 - World Snooker Championship, Crucible Theatre, Sheffield: Stephen Hendry of Scotland defeats Welshman Mark Williams, 18-11 for a record 7th world crown

2000 - The sport of geocaching begins, with the first cache placed and the coordinates from a GPS posted on Usenet.

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2023 - 13-year-old Serbian student shoots and kills nine people at his Belgrade school, eight students and a security guard, before handing himself in [1]

2023 - Ajay Banga is elected President of the World Bank after being nominated by US President Joe Biden [1]

46th US President, Vice President and Senator

2023 - Manchester City's Norwegian striker Erling Haaland scores in a 3-0 win over West Ham to set a new record for most goals scored in a single Premier League season (35)

2023 - MLB LA Angels pitcher Shohei Ohtani joins NY Yankee legend Babe Ruth as only pitcher to strike out 500 batters and hit over 100 career home runs in 6-4 over the Cardinals in St. Louis

2023 - Mysterious explosive drone attack on the Kremlin in Moscow has no clear motive or link to people behind it, despite Russian claim it was attempt to assassinate Vladimir Putin, amid Ukrainian and US denials [1]

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DAY OF THE YEAR

Orthodox Good Friday

Sun Day

World Press Freedom Day

Wordsmith Day

School Lunch Hero Day

National Textiles Day

Write a Review Day

National Two Different Colored Shoes Day

National Space Day

National No Pants Day

International Tuba Day

National Garden Meditation Day

National Lumpy Rug Day

Coeliac Awareness Month

National Physical Education and Sport Week

National Small Business Week

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Celebrating National Calendar Awareness Month

Introduction:

National Calendar Awareness Month, observed in January, serves as a time to reflect on the importance of calendars in our daily lives. From ancient civilizations to modern societies, calendars have played a crucial role in organizing time, commemorating events, and shaping cultural traditions. In this descriptive exploration, we embark on a journey to celebrate the rich tapestry of time represented by calendars, exploring their diverse forms, cultural significance, and enduring impact on human civilization.

The Origins of Timekeeping:

1.1 Ancient Calendars:

The concept of measuring time through calendars dates back to ancient civilizations such as the Sumerians, Egyptians, and Mayans. These early calendars were primarily based on lunar or solar cycles, reflecting the celestial movements observed by ancient astronomers.

1.2 Development of Calendar Systems:

Over time, various calendar systems emerged, each tailored to the specific needs and cultural practices of different societies. From the Babylonian calendar to the Roman calendar, these systems laid the foundation for the modern calendars we use today.

The Gregorian Calendar:

2.1 Historical Background:

The Gregorian calendar, introduced by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582, is the most widely used calendar system in the world. It replaced the Julian calendar and implemented changes to the calculation of leap years, resulting in a more accurate alignment with the solar year.

2.2 Structure and Function:

The Gregorian calendar consists of 12 months, 365 days in a common year, and 366 days in a leap year. It serves as the standard calendar for civil purposes, providing a framework for organizing business, administrative, and social activities. READ MORE

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What Is First Communion and Why Is It So Important?

The Significance of First Communion: A Sacred Rite of Passage

Introduction:

First Communion, also known as First Holy Communion, is a significant sacramental milestone in the Catholic Church and some other Christian denominations. It marks the moment when a child receives the Eucharist for the first time, consuming the consecrated bread and wine believed to represent the body and blood of Jesus Christ. This sacrament holds profound spiritual, cultural, and familial importance, serving as a rite of passage for young believers. In this essay, we will delve into the historical roots, religious significance, preparation process, and cultural implications of First Communion, exploring why it is regarded as such a pivotal event in the lives of Catholic children and their families.

Historical Roots:

The roots of First Communion trace back to the Last Supper, the final meal Jesus shared with his disciples before his crucifixion. During this meal, Jesus instituted the Eucharist by blessing bread and wine, declaring them to be his body and blood, and instructing his followers to partake in remembrance of him (Luke 22:19-20). The early Christian community continued this practice, gathering for communal meals where bread and wine were shared as symbols of Christ's sacrifice and unity among believers.

Over time, as the Christian Church developed its liturgical practices, the celebration of the Eucharist became more formalized, with specific rituals and prayers surrounding the administration of communion. In the medieval period, the reception of First Communion was often delayed until later in life, with children waiting until they were older and better able to understand the significance of the sacrament. However, by the Middle Ages, the practice of administering First Communion to young children had become more widespread, reflecting a growing emphasis on the importance of nurturing children's faith from an early age.

Religious Significance:

First Communion holds profound religious significance within the Catholic tradition, representing a child's initiation into the fullness of the Christian community through participation in the Eucharist. Catholics believe that in the sacrament of the Eucharist, the bread and wine are transformed into the body and blood of Christ through the process of transubstantiation, making Jesus truly present to those who receive communion with faith.

For Catholics, receiving First Communion is not merely a symbolic act but a deeply spiritual encounter with the living Christ. It is believed to impart grace and strengthen the recipient's bond with God and the Church, marking the beginning of a lifelong journey of faith and discipleship. Through the reception of the Eucharist, Catholics are united with Christ and with one another in the mystical body of Christ, the Church.

Preparation Process:

The preparation for First Communion typically begins months in advance and involves a period of religious instruction and spiritual formation. Children enrolled in religious education programs, often through their parish or school, receive instruction on the meaning of the Eucharist, the prayers and rituals associated with communion, and the importance of living a life of faith and virtue.

In addition to formal catechesis, children preparing for First Communion participate in various activities designed to deepen their understanding and appreciation of the sacrament. These may include attending Mass regularly, learning to recite prayers such as the Our Father and Hail Mary, participating in retreats or special classes, and engaging in acts of service and charity within their communities.

The culmination of this preparation process is typically a special ceremony held within the parish community, during which the children receive the sacrament of First Communion for the first time. This ceremony is often marked by solemnity and joy, with families and friends gathering to support and celebrate the children as they take this important step in their faith journey.

Cultural Implications:

Beyond its religious significance, First Communion also carries significant cultural importance in many Catholic communities around the world. It is often celebrated with festive gatherings, elaborate ceremonies, and traditional customs that vary from one culture to another.

In some cultures, such as those in Latin America and Southern Europe, First Communion is celebrated as a major milestone in a child's life, comparable to a wedding in terms of its significance and extravagance. Families may spend months preparing for the event, arranging for special outfits, elaborate decorations, and lavish feasts to mark the occasion. In these communities, First Communion is not only a religious sacrament but also a social and cultural event that reinforces family ties and community bonds.

In other cultures, First Communion may be celebrated with simpler ceremonies and fewer frills, but it remains an important rite of passage nonetheless. Regardless of the cultural context, the underlying significance of First Communion as a sacred moment of encounter with the divine remains unchanged, uniting believers of all backgrounds in their shared faith and devotion.

Conclusion:

First Communion is a sacred rite of passage in the Catholic Church, marking the moment when a child receives the Eucharist for the first time and becomes a full participant in the life of the Christian community. Rooted in the biblical tradition of the Last Supper and enriched by centuries of liturgical practice and theological reflection, First Communion holds profound religious significance as a means of encountering the living Christ and receiving his grace.

The preparation process for First Communion involves not only instruction in the teachings of the faith but also spiritual formation and participation in the life of the Church. Through prayer, study, and acts of service, children preparing for First Communion deepen their relationship with God and their understanding of what it means to live as disciples of Christ.

Beyond its religious significance, First Communion also carries cultural importance in many Catholic communities, serving as a moment of celebration and unity for families and communities. Whether celebrated with elaborate ceremonies or simple gatherings, First Communion remains a cherished tradition that reinforces the bonds of faith and community among believers of all ages.